Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month: The Importance of Early Detection
March is recognised as Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month, a time dedicated to spreading awareness about one of the most common and preventable cancers. Colorectal cancer affects the colon or rectum and can be life-threatening if not detected early. However, regular screening and lifestyle changes can significantly reduce the risk.
In this blog, we will explore colorectal cancer, its symptoms, risk factors, prevention methods, and why early screening is crucial.
What Is Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer starts in the colon (large intestine) or rectum, which are part of the digestive system. It usually begins as small growths called polyps. While most polyps are harmless, some can develop into cancer over time. Detecting and removing these polyps early can prevent colorectal cancer from developing.
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. However, it is also one of the most preventable and treatable cancers if detected early.
Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer may not show symptoms in its early stages. However, as the disease progresses, some common warning signs include:
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Changes in bowel habits (diarrhoea, constipation, or narrowing of stools)
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Blood in stool or rectal bleeding
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Unexplained weight loss
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Persistent abdominal pain or cramps
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Fatigue and weakness
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Feeling that the bowel does not empty completely
If you experience any of these symptoms for more than a few weeks, consult a doctor immediately.
Risk Factors for Colorectal Cancer
Several factors can increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer, including:
1. Age: Colorectal cancer is more common in people over the age of 50, but younger individuals can also develop it.
2. Family History: A family history of colorectal cancer or polyps increases the risk.
3. Diet: A diet high in red and processed meats and low in fibre is linked to an increased risk.
4. Lack of Physical Activity: A sedentary lifestyle can contribute to the development of colorectal cancer.
5. Obesity: Being overweight or obese increases the risk.
6. Smoking and Alcohol: Regular smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are known risk factors.
7. Medical Conditions: People with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, have a higher risk.
The Importance of Screening and Early Detection
Why Screening Matters
Screening tests help detect colorectal cancer before symptoms appear, making treatment more effective. Screening can also identify precancerous polyps, which can be removed before they turn into cancer.
When to Get Screened?
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People aged 45 and older should start regular screening.
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Those with a family history or higher risk factors should start screening earlier.
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Speak with your doctor about the best screening method based on your risk factors.
Common Screening Tests
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Colonoscopy – A procedure where a doctor examines the colon using a camera.
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Stool Tests – Detect hidden blood or abnormal DNA in the stool.
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Flexible Sigmoidoscopy – A test to examine the lower part of the colon.
Preventing Colorectal Cancer
While not all cases can be prevented, some lifestyle changes can help reduce the risk:
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Eat a High-Fibre Diet – Include fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
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Limit Red and Processed Meats – Reduce the intake of bacon, sausage, and processed meats.
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Stay Physically Active – Exercise regularly to maintain a healthy weight.
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Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol – Both contribute to an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
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Get Screened Regularly – Early detection is key to prevention and treatment.
Conclusion
Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month in March serves as a reminder of the importance of early detection and screening. Colorectal cancer is highly preventable and treatable when detected in time. By adopting a healthy lifestyle and getting screened regularly, you can reduce the risk and improve survival rates.
If you are 45 or older, or have a family history of colorectal cancer, speak with your doctor about scheduling a screening today. Early detection can save lives!
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. At what age should I start colorectal cancer screening?
Most people should begin regular screening at age 45. However, those with a family history or other risk factors may need to start earlier. Consult your doctor for personalised recommendations.
2. Can colorectal cancer be cured?
Yes, when detected early, colorectal cancer is highly treatable. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are common treatment options. Regular screening increases the chances of successful treatment.
3. What lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of colorectal cancer?
Eating a high-fibre diet, exercising regularly, avoiding smoking and alcohol, and maintaining a healthy weight can significantly lower the risk of colorectal cancer.
